Understanding Ointment as a Dosage Form

What is a semisolid preparation in which an active ingredient is incorporated into petroleum jelly?

A. Cream

B. Gel

C. Lotion

D. Ointment

Final answer: An ointment is a semisolid preparation in which an active ingredient is incorporated into petroleum jelly.

Answer:

An ointment is a semisolid preparation in which an active ingredient is incorporated into petroleum jelly. It provides a protective barrier, retains moisture, resists wash off, and allows the active ingredient to permeate the skin.

An ointment is a specific type of semisolid dosage form that offers unique benefits for topical application. Ointments are typically greasy in texture due to their high oil content, which helps in forming a protective layer on the skin when applied. This layer serves multiple purposes, including keeping the skin moist, preventing water loss, and enhancing the penetration of the active ingredient into the skin.

Due to their composition, ointments are particularly useful for dry skin conditions or non-hairy areas where better absorption and prolonged contact are desired. They are often recommended for conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, or dry skin patches. The oil-rich base of ointments makes them less likely to be removed by water or wiped off, providing a longer-lasting effect compared to other dosage forms.

Additionally, the occlusive nature of ointments helps in creating a barrier against external irritants and allergens, promoting faster healing of minor cuts, burns, or skin irritations. Despite their advantages, ointments may feel sticky or greasy for some individuals, which can affect their preference for using this dosage form.