Reaching Compromise: The Great Compromise in the Formation of the US Constitution

The Virginia Plan and New Jersey Plan

In the early stages of the Constitutional Convention in 1787, delegates from the smaller states proposed the New Jersey Plan. This plan called for each state to have equal representation in Congress, regardless of population size. On the other hand, delegates from the larger states supported the Virginia Plan, which called for representation in Congress to be based on population size. This created a deadlock as both groups were unwilling to budge on their positions.

Concession to Smaller States

Realizing the need for compromise, the supporters of the Virginia Plan made a concession to the smaller states that supported the New Jersey Plan. This concession led to the creation of the Great Compromise, also known as the Connecticut Compromise. This compromise established a bicameral legislature with proportional representation in the House of Representatives and equal representation in the Senate.

The Great Compromise

The Great Compromise solved the deadlock between the large and small states by creating a system where both population-based representation and equal state representation were incorporated. This ensured that both types of states had a voice in the legislative process. As a result, the House of Representatives was based on population size, giving larger states more influence, while the Senate had an equal number of representatives from each state, allowing smaller states to have an equal say.

Conclusion

The supporters of the Virginia Plan made a significant concession to the smaller states by creating the Great Compromise. This compromise paved the way for the formation of the US Constitution by addressing the contentious issue of representation in Congress. By finding a middle ground between the competing interests of large and small states, the Great Compromise demonstrated the spirit of compromise and cooperation that was necessary for the success of the Constitutional Convention.