How Do Rocks React to Stresses in a Region?
What happens to rocks as stresses build in a region?
1) The rocks break quickly.
2) The rocks deform plastically and then break.
3) The rocks deform plastically but bounce back into shape.
4) The rocks deform plastically and bounce back into shape.
Rocks Response to Stresses in a Region
When stresses build in a region, the rocks undergo plastic deformation where they don't return to their original shape. Excessive stress beyond the elastic limit of the rocks can cause them to break at the fracture point. This process is primarily due to stresses created by tectonic plate movements.
As stresses build in a region of rocks, they undergo a process called plastic deformation. This is a state where the material deforms irreversibly and does not return to its original shape and size even when the load is removed. Rock materials show an increase in stress with increasing strain, becoming more difficult to deform as the stress-strain values approach the breaking point.
The behavior of the rocks depends on the strength of the stress and its duration. If the stress surpasses the elastic limit of the rocks, this could result in plastic deformation, where the rocks cannot return to their original shape. The plastic deformation ends at the breaking point, where, if the stress continues, the rocks fracture and break.
Rocks experience such stresses and strain due to the movements and interactions of tectonic plates. These movements can cause changes in the Earth's crust, creating stresses in the rocks which eventually leads to deformation, which leads to geological phenomena such as earthquakes.