Utilization of a Cable in Data Transmission: Maximizing Efficiency
What is the maximum utilization of the cable if a stop-and-wait protocol is used?
(a) Explain the calculation process in detail.
How can we increase the cable utilization without modifying the frame sizes?
(b) Provide a proposed solution and analyze it mathematically.
Answer:
(a) To calculate the maximum utilization of the cable using a stop-and-wait protocol, we need to consider key factors such as the bit rate, frame sizes, and signal propagation speed.
(b) One possible solution to increase cable utilization without changing frame sizes is by implementing the sliding window protocol.
(a) The maximum utilization of the cable can be calculated using the formula: Maximum utilization = (Frame transmission time) / (RTT + Frame transmission time). To start, we convert the bit rate from 1 Gbps to bits per second, then calculate the time to transmit a frame for both the minimum and maximum frame sizes. Next, we find the round-trip time (RTT) based on the cable length and signal propagation speed. Finally, we determine the maximum utilization by plugging in the values into the formula.
(b) The sliding window protocol allows for concurrent transmission of multiple frames, reducing idle time and improving cable utilization. By considering the window size, we can calculate the maximum utilization using the formula provided. Increasing the window size allows for more efficient transmission of frames, enhancing the cable's overall utilization compared to the stop-and-wait protocol.