Mole Fraction Calculation for H₂SO₄ Solution

What is the mole fraction of H₂SO₄ in a solution of 583 g of H₂SO₄ (98.079 g/mol) in 1.50 kg of water (18.0153 g/mol)?

a) 0.0713

b) 0.0666

c) 2.12

d) 0.28

Answer:

First, let's calculate the number of moles of H₂SO₄:

Number of moles of H₂SO₄ = mass of H₂SO₄ / molar mass of H₂SO₄

Number of moles of H₂SO₄ = 583 g / 98.079 g/mol

Number of moles of H₂SO₄ = 5.944 mol

Next, let's calculate the number of moles of water:

Number of moles of water = mass of water / molar mass of water

Number of moles of water = 1.50 kg / 18.0153 g/mol

Number of moles of water = 83.277 mol

The mole fraction of H₂SO₄ can now be calculated as follows:

Mole fraction of H₂SO₄ = moles of H₂SO₄ / total moles

Mole fraction of H₂SO₄ = 5.944 mol / (5.944 mol + 83.277 mol)

Mole fraction of H₂SO₄ = 0.0666

Therefore, the mole fraction of H₂SO₄ in the solution is 0.0666 (rounded to four significant figures).

Calculating the mole fraction of a solute in a solution can provide valuable information about the composition of the solution. In this case, we have a solution of 583 g of H₂SO₄ and 1.50 kg of water.

First, we determine the number of moles of H₂SO₄ by dividing the mass of H₂SO₄ by its molar mass. This gives us 5.944 mol of H₂SO₄. Next, we calculate the number of moles of water by dividing the mass of water by its molar mass, resulting in 83.277 mol of water.

To find the mole fraction of H₂SO₄ in the solution, we divide the moles of H₂SO₄ by the total moles of both H₂SO₄ and water. The calculation yields a mole fraction of 0.0666.

Therefore, the mole fraction of H₂SO₄ in the solution is 0.0666, indicating that H₂SO₄ makes up approximately 6.66% of the total moles in the solution.