Protein Synthesis Process Explained in a Fun Way!

How is protein synthesis process carried out?

Explore the steps of protein synthesis and discover the fascinating process!

Answer:

1. A single strand of DNA serves as a template for making mRNA.

2. Messenger RNA carries the sequence of nucleotides to the ribosomes.

3. Transfer RNA picks up individual amino acids and carries them to the ribosome.

4. A protein is synthesized.

Explanation:

This process is called transcription and translation. Transcription is the process of copying the genetic information from DNA into mRNA. Translation is the process of using the mRNA to synthesize a protein.

Transcription:

During transcription, an enzyme called RNA polymerase binds to a specific region of DNA and begins to copy the DNA sequence. The RNA polymerase moves along the DNA strand, adding complementary RNA nucleotides to the growing mRNA molecule. Once the RNA polymerase reaches the end of the DNA sequence, the mRNA molecule is released.

Translation:

During translation, the mRNA molecule is carried to the ribosome. The ribosome is a complex structure that reads the mRNA sequence and synthesizes a protein. The ribosome reads the mRNA codon by codon, and for each codon, it binds to the corresponding tRNA molecule. The tRNA molecule carries an amino acid, and the ribosome links the amino acid to the growing protein chain. Once the ribosome reaches the stop codon, the translation process is terminated and the protein is released.