Genotypes for Seed Texture in the P Generation Plants

What represents the genotypes for seed texture in the P generation plants using S and s to represent the alleles?

Which of the following options is correct:

A) SS and ss

B) Ss and Ss

C) SS and SS

D) ss and ss

Answer:

The genotypes for seed texture in the P generation plants are SS and ss, which represent homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive plants respectively, for smooth and wrinkled seeds.

The genotypes that represent seed texture in the P generation plants when using S and s to represent the alleles for smooth and wrinkled seeds, respectively, would be SS and ss. This is because the P generation, according to Gregor Mendel's experiments, consisted of homozygous plants, meaning that the organisms had two identical alleles for a given trait.

This is based on Mendel’s classic genetic crosses which established the principles of dominance and segregation. 'SS' would be homozygous dominant for smooth seeds, and 'ss' would be homozygous recessive for wrinkled seeds.

When considering a genetic cross, for example, between two heterozygous plants (Ss), the resulting Punnett square would help determine the probabilities of the offspring's genotypes and phenotypes.

In a separate context of dihybrid crosses, a cross between two pea plants heterozygous for two traits, such as RrYY and rrYy for seed shape and color, the Punnett square would require 16 squares (4x4) for a proper analysis, as we are tracking the inheritance of two different traits.